Invasion of Privacy.

PART VIInvasion of Privacy

Definitions

Marginal note:Definitions
183 In this Part,
authorization means an authorization to intercept a private communication given under section 186 or subsection 184.2(3), 184.3(6) or 188(2); (autorisation)
electro-magnetic, acoustic, mechanical or other device means any device or apparatus that is used or is capable of being used to intercept a private communication, but does not include a hearing aid used to correct subnormal hearing of the user to not better than normal hearing; (dispositif électromagnétique, acoustique, mécanique ou autre)
intercept includes listen to, record or acquire a communication or acquire the substance, meaning or purport thereof; (intercepter)
offence means an offence contrary to, any conspiracy or attempt to commit or being an accessory after the fact in relation to an offence contrary to, or any counselling in relation to an offence contrary to
  • (a) any of the following provisions of this Act, namely,
    • (i) section 47 (high treason),
    • (ii) section 51 (intimidating Parliament or a legislature),
    • (iii) section 52 (sabotage),
    • (iii.1) section 56.1 (identity documents),
    • (iv) section 57 (forgery, etc.),
    • (v) section 61 (sedition),
    • (vi) section 76 (hijacking),
    • (vii) section 77 (endangering safety of aircraft or airport),
    • (viii) section 78 (offensive weapons, etc., on aircraft),
    • (ix) section 78.1 (offences against maritime navigation or fixed platforms),
    • (x) section 80 (breach of duty),
    • (xi) section 81 (using explosives),
    • (xii) section 82 (possessing explosives),
    • (xii.01) section 82.3 (possession, etc., of nuclear material, radioactive material or device),
    • (xii.02) section 82.4 (use or alteration of nuclear material, radioactive material or device),
    • (xii.03) section 82.5 (commission of indictable offence to obtain nuclear material, etc.),
    • (xii.04) section 82.6 (threats),
    • (xii.1) section 83.02 (providing or collecting property for certain activities),
    • (xii.2) section 83.03 (providing, making available, etc., property or services for terrorist purposes),
    • (xii.3) section 83.04 (using or possessing property for terrorist purposes),
    • (xii.4) section 83.18 (participation in activity of terrorist group),
    • (xii.41) section 83.181 (leaving Canada to participate in activity of terrorist group),
    • (xii.5) section 83.19 (facilitating terrorist activity),
    • (xii.51) section 83.191 (leaving Canada to facilitate terrorist activity),
    • (xii.6) section 83.2 (commission of offence for terrorist group),
    • (xii.61) section 83.201 (leaving Canada to commit offence for terrorist group),
    • (xii.62) section 83.202 (leaving Canada to commit offence that is terrorist activity),
    • (xii.7) section 83.21 (instructing to carry out activity for terrorist group),
    • (xii.8) section 83.22 (instructing to carry out terrorist activity),
    • (xii.81) subsection 83.221(1) (advocating or promoting commission of terrorism offences),
    • (xii.9) section 83.23 (harbouring or concealing),
    • (xii.91) section 83.231 (hoax — terrorist activity),
    • (xiii) section 96 (possession of weapon obtained by commission of offence),
    • (xiii.1) section 98 (breaking and entering to steal firearm),
    • (xiii.2) section 98.1 (robbery to steal firearm),
    • (xiv) section 99 (weapons trafficking),
    • (xv) section 100 (possession for purpose of weapons trafficking),
    • (xvi) section 102 (making automatic firearm),
    • (xvii) section 103 (importing or exporting knowing it is unauthorized),
    • (xviii) section 104 (unauthorized importing or exporting),
    • (xix) section 119 (bribery, etc.),
    • (xx) section 120 (bribery, etc.),
    • (xxi) section 121 (fraud on government),
    • (xxii) section 122 (breach of trust),
    • (xxiii) section 123 (municipal corruption),
    • (xxiv) section 132 (perjury),
    • (xxv) section 139 (obstructing justice),
    • (xxvi) section 144 (prison breach),
    • (xxvii) subsection 145(1) (escape, etc.),
    • (xxvii.1) section 162 (voyeurism),
    • (xxvii.2) section 162.1 (intimate image),
    • (xxviii) paragraph 163(1)(a) (obscene materials),
    • (xxix) section 163.1 (child pornography),
    • (xxix.1) section 170 (parent or guardian procuring sexual activity),
    • (xxix.2) section 171 (householder permitting sexual activity),
    • (xxix.3) section 171.1 (making sexually explicit material available to child),
    • (xxix.4) section 172.1 (luring a child),
    • (xxix.5) section 172.2 (agreement or arrangement — sexual offence against child),
    • (xxx) section 184 (unlawful interception),
    • (xxxi) section 191 (possession of intercepting device),
    • (xxxii) subsection 201(1) (keeping gaming or betting house),
    • (xxxiii) paragraph 202(1)(e) (pool-selling, etc.),
    • (xxxiv) subsection 210(1) (keeping common bawdy house),
    • (xxxv) to (xxxviii) [Repealed, 2014, c. 25, s. 11]
    • (xxxix) section 235 (murder),
    • (xxxix.1) section 244 (discharging firearm with intent),
    • (xxxix.2) section 244.2 (discharging firearm — recklessness),
    • (xl) section 264.1 (uttering threats),
    • (xli) section 267 (assault with a weapon or causing bodily harm),
    • (xlii) section 268 (aggravated assault),
    • (xliii) section 269 (unlawfully causing bodily harm),
    • (xliii.1) section 270.01 (assaulting peace officer with weapon or causing bodily harm),
    • (xliii.2) section 270.02 (aggravated assault of peace officer),
    • (xliv) section 271 (sexual assault),
    • (xlv) section 272 (sexual assault with a weapon, threats to a third party or causing bodily harm),
    • (xlvi) section 273 (aggravated sexual assault),
    • (xlvii) section 279 (kidnapping),
    • (xlvii.1) section 279.01 (trafficking in persons),
    • (xlvii.11) section 279.011 (trafficking of a person under the age of eighteen years),
    • (xlvii.2) section 279.02 (material benefit),
    • (xlvii.3) section 279.03 (withholding or destroying documents),
    • (xlviii) section 279.1 (hostage taking),
    • (xlix) section 280 (abduction of person under sixteen),
    • (l) section 281 (abduction of person under fourteen),
    • (li) section 282 (abduction in contravention of custody order),
    • (lii) section 283 (abduction),
    • (lii.1) 286.1 (obtaining sexual services for consideration),
    • (lii.2) 286.2 (material benefit from sexual services),
    • (lii.3) 286.3 (procuring),
    • (lii.4) 286.4 (advertising sexual services),
    • (liii) section 318 (advocating genocide),
    • (liv) section 327 (possession of device to obtain telecommunication facility or service),
    • (liv.1) section 333.1 (motor vehicle theft),
    • (lv) section 334 (theft),
    • (lvi) section 342 (theft, forgery, etc., of credit card),
    • (lvi.1) section 342.01 (instruments for copying credit card data or forging or falsifying credit cards),
    • (lvii) section 342.1 (unauthorized use of computer),
    • (lviii) section 342.2 (possession of device to obtain unauthorized use of computer system or to commit mischief),
    • (lix) section 344 (robbery),
    • (lx) section 346 (extortion),
    • (lxi) section 347 (criminal interest rate),
    • (lxii) section 348 (breaking and entering),
    • (lxii.1) section 353.1 (tampering with vehicle identification number),
    • (lxiii) section 354 (possession of property obtained by crime),
    • (lxiii.1) section 355.2 (trafficking in property obtained by crime),
    • (lxiii.2) section 355.4 (possession of property obtained by crime — trafficking),
    • (lxiv) section 356 (theft from mail),
    • (lxv) section 367 (forgery),
    • (lxvi) section 368 (use, trafficking or possession of forged document),
    • (lxvi.1) section 368.1 (forgery instruments),
    • (lxvii) section 372 (false information),
    • (lxviii) section 380 (fraud),
    • (lxix) section 381 (using mails to defraud),
    • (lxx) section 382 (fraudulent manipulation of stock exchange transactions),
    • (lxx.1) subsection 402.2(1) (identity theft),
    • (lxx.2) subsection 402.2(2) (trafficking in identity information),
    • (lxx.3) section 403 (identity fraud),
    • (lxxi) section 423.1 (intimidation of justice system participant or journalist),
    • (lxxii) section 424 (threat to commit offences against internationally protected person),
    • (lxxii.1) section 424.1 (threat against United Nations or associated personnel),
    • (lxxiii) section 426 (secret commissions),
    • (lxxiv) section 430 (mischief),
    • (lxxv) section 431 (attack on premises, residence or transport of internationally protected person),
    • (lxxv.1) section 431.1 (attack on premises, accommodation or transport of United Nations or associated personnel),
    • (lxxv.2) subsection 431.2(2) (explosive or other lethal device),
    • (lxxvi) section 433 (arson),
    • (lxxvii) section 434 (arson),
    • (lxxviii) section 434.1 (arson),
    • (lxxix) section 435 (arson for fraudulent purpose),
    • (lxxx) section 449 (making counterfeit money),
    • (lxxxi) section 450 (possession, etc., of counterfeit money),
    • (lxxxii) section 452 (uttering, etc., counterfeit money),
    • (lxxxiii) section 462.31 (laundering proceeds of crime),
    • (lxxxiv) subsection 462.33(11) (acting in contravention of restraint order),
    • (lxxxv) section 467.11 (participation in criminal organization),
    • (lxxxv.1) section 467.111 (recruitment of members — criminal organization),
    • (lxxxvi) section 467.12 (commission of offence for criminal organization), or
    • (lxxxvii) section 467.13 (instructing commission of offence for criminal organization),
  • (b) section 198 (fraudulent bankruptcy) of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act,
  • (b.1) any of the following provisions of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention Implementation Act, namely,
    • (i) section 6 (production, etc., of biological agents and means of delivery), or
    • (ii) section 7 (unauthorized production, etc., of biological agents),
  • (c) any of the following provisions of the Competition Act, namely,
    • (i) section 45 (conspiracies, agreements or arrangements between competitors),
    • (ii) section 47 (bid-rigging), or
    • (iii) subsection 52.1(3) (deceptive telemarketing),
  • (d) any of the following provisions of the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, namely,
    • (i) section 5 (trafficking),
    • (ii) section 6 (importing and exporting),
    • (iii) section 7 (production), or
    • (iv) section 7.1 (possession, sale, etc., for use in production or trafficking),
  • (d.1) section 42 (offences related to infringement of copyright) of the Copyright Act,
  • (e) section 3 (bribing a foreign public official) of the Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act,
  • (e.1) the Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act,
  • (f) either of the following provisions of the Customs Act, namely,
    • (i) section 153 (false statements), or
    • (ii) section 159 (smuggling),
  • (g) any of the following provisions of the Excise Act, 2001, namely,
    • (i) section 214 (unlawful production, sale, etc., of tobacco or alcohol),
    • (ii) section 216 (unlawful possession of tobacco product),
    • (iii) section 218 (unlawful possession, sale, etc., of alcohol),
    • (iv) section 219 (falsifying or destroying records),
    • (v) section 230 (possession of property obtained by excise offences), or
    • (vi) section 231 (laundering proceeds of excise offences),
  • (h) any of the following provisions of the Export and Import Permits Act, namely,
    • (i) section 13 (export or attempt to export),
    • (ii) section 14 (import or attempt to import),
    • (iii) section 15 (diversion, etc.),
    • (iv) section 16 (no transfer of permits),
    • (v) section 17 (false information), or
    • (vi) section 18 (aiding and abetting),
  • (i) any of the following provisions of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, namely,
    • (i) section 117 (organizing entry into Canada),
    • (ii) section 118 (trafficking in persons),
    • (iii) section 119 (disembarking persons at sea),
    • (iv) section 122 (offences related to documents),
    • (v) section 126 (counselling misrepresentation), or
    • (vi) section 129 (offences relating to officers),
  • (j) any offence under the Security of Information Act, or
  • (k) section 51.01 (offences related to goods, labels, packaging or services) of the Trade-marks Act,
and includes any other offence that there are reasonable grounds to believe is a criminal organization offence or any other offence that there are reasonable grounds to believe is an offence described in paragraph (b) or (c) of the definition terrorism offence in section 2; (infraction)
police officer means any officer, constable or other person employed for the preservation and maintenance of the public peace; (policier)
private communication means any oral communication, or any telecommunication, that is made by an originator who is in Canada or is intended by the originator to be received by a person who is in Canada and that is made under circumstances in which it is reasonable for the originator to expect that it will not be intercepted by any person other than the person intended by the originator to receive it, and includes any radio-based telephone communication that is treated electronically or otherwise for the purpose of preventing intelligible reception by any person other than the person intended by the originator to receive it; (communication privée)
public switched telephone network means a telecommunication facility the primary purpose of which is to provide a land line-based telephone service to the public for compensation; (réseau téléphonique public commuté)
radio-based telephone communication means any radiocommunication within the meaning of the Radiocommunication Act that is made over apparatus that is used primarily for connection to a public switched telephone network; (communication radiotéléphonique)
sell includes offer for sale, expose for sale, have in possession for sale or distribute or advertise for sale; (vendre)
solicitor means, in the Province of Quebec, an advocate or a notary and, in any other province, a barrister or solicitor. (avocat)
  • R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 183;
    •  
  •  R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), ss. 7, 23, c. 1 (2nd Supp.), s. 213, c. 1 (4th Supp.), s. 13, c. 29 (4th Supp.), s. 17, c. 42 (4th Supp.), s. 1;
    •  
  •  1991, c. 28, s. 12;
    •  
  •  1992, c. 27, s. 90;
    •  
  •  1993, c. 7, s. 5, c. 25, s. 94, c. 40, s. 1, c. 46, s. 4;
    •  
  •  1995, c. 39, s. 140;
    •  
  •  1996, c. 19, s. 66;
    •  
  •  1997, c. 18, s. 7, c. 23, s. 3;
    •  
  •  1998, c. 34, s. 8;
    •  
  •  1999, c. 2, s. 47, c. 5, s. 4;
    •  
  •  2000, c. 24, s. 43;
    •  
  •  2001, c. 32, s. 4, c. 41, ss. 5, 31, 133;
    •  
  •  2002, c. 22, s. 409;
    •  
  •  2004, c. 15, s. 108;
    •  
  •  2005, c. 32, s. 10, c. 43, s. 1;
    •  
  •  2008, c. 6, s. 15;
    •  
  •  2009, c. 2, s. 442, c. 22, s. 4, c. 28, s. 3;
    •  
  • 2010, c. 3, s. 1, c. 14, s. 2;
    •  
  •  2012, c. 1, s. 24;
    •  
  •  2013, c. 8, s. 2, c. 9, s. 14, c. 13, s. 7;
    •  
  •  2014, c. 17, s. 2, c. 25, s. 11, c. 31, s. 7, c. 32, s. 59;
    •  
  • 2015, c. 20, s. 19;
    •  
  •  2017, c. 7, s. 56.
Previous Version

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular Posts

Image

This article is open so you can use it...to read. There is only one type of human being who would hesitate with the answer to an economic stalemate in hand while foreign control of the economy and the domestic citizen's erasure continues subtly but noticeably over time. A Civil War is pointless; Culture and evolution: The Jetsons world vs. the Flintstones World. Who wants a civil war except for a terrorist? We are just here to be a librarian (My third or fourth career as I was once in food services and started at 14 and still find it fun where I might just get into it. But you say food is me and the Flintstones Ukrainian says "gas" is me in some kind of territorialism. ) and ski or take nice photos and what do you do? My photos are on your phone and so is this bible study note but maybe now take your own photos and write your own notes. April 7th, 2022. You can call the right number and make a donation in the method provided. As a Montezuman Japanese Cheddar Egyptian, let us have a chat and get a baseball to play catch. Let us understand an Etam: Etam stands for E-quality T-akes A-M-inute of reflection, regulation. Google ETAM. No doubt, inequality in social services is a tremendous concern for government and it seems it takes only a few moments to notice it, avoid it and resolve. Only a dog tries to break the cupboard open to eat, breaking the cupboard open when the master forgets the dogs' hunger. Humans write policy to answer everyone's hunger. See Frazer v. Canada, SCC (2020) and Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424 (1971) involving adverse impact discrimination. The English language economy under British rule in England and Ontario is the only economy that made an odd spectacle of the TRANSGENDER by providing an income support to only transgender individuals. Why doesn't it work? But, everything looks right, good legs, good stacked new, new building, firm and Etam. But, it's not working. It's a gender hate crime and, therefore, an illegality. Also, the economy is not winning for anyone. There is not enough aboriginal Cooperation, not enough Human Cooperation. There is not enough multi generational Cooperation. Egypt, it's Economies and it's laws confirm societal Cooperation. It is elementary. The absence of total income support for all citizens in the UK and North America is some kind of aboriginal intimidation and sabotage of the more settled cultures in the world. Europe suffers the recession. They are the suppliers suffering low and lower sales due to a lack of regular consumer demand. We should not waste the new profit margins opened up by automation with lower wage and manufacturing costs on the slowing economy, the slowing economy as occasioned by unresponsive, recalcitrant government policy that does not respect and respond quickly to the need for a national ensured automatic income support to ensure regular automatic, moneyed demand for automatic, robotic supply of goods. The corporations are selling nationally and not just in Vermont and not just to transgender individuals. The income support is applied partially in the UK to only transgender citizens and not to the whole population. Everyone has a male, female and a transgender individual in their families. But, then let us enjoy our society and our families with mutually beneficial policies. Otherwise, it is illegal indirect gender discrimination in government policy. See also indirect discrimination in Essop and others v Home Office (UK Border Agency) [2017] UKSC 27 the Supreme Court, overturning a decision of the Court of Appeal (and the original employment tribunal) has held that indirect discrimination concerns provisions, criteria or practices (PCPs) which have disparate impact on those with one set of characteristics, by comparison with those who lack those characteristics. Differing from the Court of Appeal, the Court held that the reasons why they have that disparate impact is relevant only to the question of justification. The case, however, confirms that indirect discrimination of any kind is wrong. Would you say it would be alright for only militant TRANSGENDER school children to receive pens and papers from the school? What about TRANSGENDER only citizens from the school age of 14 who are not disabled receiving a cash benefit that is not received by the other two genders; males and females? If you were trying to adopt cave men into Civilization, is it not best to provide them the monies necessary to wash the body, buy the custards, pay the rents and apply the Bryl cream and be assimilated since do you not know that the body is the temple of the living God? This is powerful. Would it be powerful for a French emperor named NAPOLEON or a German Emperor named Hitler to try to march on Russia? Look at Russia. I think it was just a confirmation of wild anthropology and the world does not need to see this again. Why would you kill your army marching on Russia? Whether it's a powerful F15 fighter jet or the income support policy (also powerful), the question is your intentions. Maybe hatred and ignorance are also powerful economic forces that carry intention. You ask yourself why are you reading this. David was successful as a Leader as he borrowed the well settled answers from Egypt involving economies. His Egyptian wives, when they would sit at table with him, reminded him about the income support disbursements to the people. Your policies can defend your people or destroy them. Your F15 can defend the population or fail to defend them maybe attack your own population. Genocide can be visited on a population by an F15 carrying biological weapons or genocide can be visited on a population by a government that uses policies to starve the populations of requisite income support monies(requisite in an automation economy and all economies are ongoing automation economies dating back to Egypt), water or electricity. F15's are designed to defend the nation and economic policies are designed to defend the nation with its entire population. You must have really had the feeling in your and up your "OOPS!" at the American car dealership when people with little regular money may have been honest about what they could afford to buy and then also maintain as a vehicle. Toyota arrived in America not to teach you or save you but to make money whether your income support culture is normal or abnormal for modern humans. You can still buy a GM product today in Vermont or Illinois or in the south and you have to pay. It is just that Toyota endures automation because it is committed to automation when American manufacturing was not committed and nor was the economy set on a commitment to total income support; to provide total demand for American vehicles that were built for national demand and not just demand in the Eastern seaboard where they had an income support vs. in mountain regions or the mid-west where they did not have such an income support. It was not until 1976 that Illinois had such a regular support and it was 1980 when Minnesota joined a total state wide support for evert citizen. So, you are burning the candle in North American manufacturing at both ends when you are spending more than your competition to build vehicle and maybe your subsidies dried up in government cutbacks and your die hard American car buyer with no income support to provide demand for your American goods has to choose to feed his children vs. his Americentric loyalty and will eventually choose what gets him to work reliably with what ever work there is left and so then the American car manufacturing plant has Toyotas parked on the property or a block or two away for fear of being told you are not loyal enough to the company; to the buy America program but at least the car works and you know as a car worker what you did to the American engine with your hands in manual assembly when the company did not give you that raise you needed to make your Japanese car payments for your more reliable ride to work in a car built by automation. The issue is that the American car manufacturer was dependent on America(its key market) for revenue and also the US government for regular government subsidies but only 1/3 of that US market had income support funding among the car buying population for regular buyer demand; before you get into the issue of product reliability and Durability in product competition. The soft sales nationally was an open door, a supply and demand gap on the graph, an opening to more efficient competitors who used more automation and who also produced more reliable vehicles that were likely to catch on at the top end and bottom price end of the car buying market; any why did American car companies pretend that a carbureted engine was fuel injected? Why did the Germans not get into the hybrid engine design as soon as they saw their Asian competitors do this or make it the standard engine format? Its a small engine variation but it maintains market share. Why is it that this debate about national, all citizen, income support continues only in the English speaking economies? It is winter, so I am wearing my Wampanoag boots and I have my Vermont Income support. What about you in Kansas.. Are you covered? What about you in England or in that other territory run by the English? The patch work approach to income support frustrates GDP growth and strategy. It frustrates national sales figures for companies that produce and sell nationally. When we look at how this problem with income support is really an English problem that is now a German or Asian problem when they are the key producers of finished goods sold in the English and western world, we see that it is a collision of cultures where you might also ask why the English have an informal income support policy and an informal sales tax policy at the moment when Europe has a formal policy on these issues and so does the Ukraine and Russia. It is a collision of cultures and it may have been a collision once in food and wine cultures that was resolved in the ethic of Leviticus. So, it seems these collisions may have played this out to the break up of the Roman empire with an Eastern and Western empire that collided in France it seems just as WW1 and WW2 confirm such a collision when the English in the Western part of of the Roman empire were under a mutiny in the death of the real Hadrian and the rise of a pretender who built a small little wall as some line of demarcation but he was not the real Hadrian but maybe someone who decided to arm, unify and train the English Cheddar and assimilate them since England is nice; you see!! It is just that the messages sent to and from Rome and an unwillingness to return or respond to requests to return confirm that the general was either dead or in his own mutiny, forming his own empire. But, power failures, water failures and money failures are temporary in spite of all the terrorism or divisiveness or mutinous intention. Hadrian the pretender emperor did not pay the disbursements since he said they have enough fish and rabbit but they made some coins; except in not paying the disbursement there was insufficient commerce and therefore insufficient tribute collected for Rome that was not paid. So, the real Romans who had not bowed to Hadrian were asked to take his potty contents back to Rome and they made a child that was raised as Herod who was placed in Syria to be the King of Israel and at the hour of testing, he did call on Rome to help him take Israel. Herod, with the aid of the Roman general Gaius Sosius(that may also be known as Pompey) took Jerusalem in 33 BCE and his time with Christ was really time with an indirect tutor as Herod was really left to walk, move and tell us what he would do if given the chance and was not sent to Rabbi School or any school but had understood that he was presumptuously the authority and he moved accordingly but he hope we don't have to see how he would (Chinlua) kill us by 12 years old if he was not in school. Herod also stole the disbursements while verifed in Israel as the progeny of Hadrian so the Romans confirmed their case. The real Hadrian, a trusted pro counsel, would not have done these things. Hadrian was murdered in a rebellion and impersonated when...how will they know its not really him? You say, "...My aboriginal dignity needs to preserve some sense of independence; a determination." But, why would it be about the money? If its about independence, then maybe you accept a full income support payment and implement it and then maybe you allow fishing without a license or toplessness from 1 am to 3 am at night just to feel your independence and your challenge of informality or indigenousness or Americanness vs. Europe and the received laws. Click here.

Post a Comment